Abstract Natural disasters present substantial dangers to both human life and physical infrastructure. Although the human development index (HDI) is recognized for its pivotal role in mitigating mortality resulting from natural disasters. the exact extent of its impact on fatalities remains unclear. In this study. https://www.roneverhart.com/Castello-di-Amorosa-Il-Barone-Napa-Valley-Cabernet-Sauvignon-2007/